This lesson is again focused on Simple Past tense in Turkish. We will analyze in detail the remaining forms.
In this reading passage the speaker describes a sunday. Listen to it carefully and pin your attention on the simple past.
You will also familiarize with new words and expressions.
" Dün pazardı.Hava güneşliydi ve herkes evdeydi.Ayla'nın babası işte değildi.Ağabeyi de okulda değildi.Fakat annesi hastaydı ve yataktaydı.Onun için dün yemekleri Ayla yaptı.Ayla önce annesine bir çorba pişirdi.Fakat çorba sıcaktı ve az tuzluydu.Annesi onu dah sonra içti.Babası hasta değildi,iyiydi.O çorba içmedi.Yalnız pilav yedi.Yemek saat onikide hazırdı.Herkes saat onikide sofradaydı.Sofrada her şey iyiydi ve ekmek tazeydi.
Ayla'nın küçük kardeşi bütün gün sokaktaydı.Top oynadı. Fakat ağabeyi evde,odasındaydı.Sınavı vardı.Ders çalıştı.
Ayla akşam çok yorgundu.Erken yattı ve hemen uyudu."
VOCABULARI/SÖZLÜK
Dün: Yesterday
Ayla: Female name
Ağabey: Elderly brother
Fakat: But
Çorba: Kind of soup
Yatak: Bed
Yalnız: Only, just
Pilav: Rice
içmek: to drink, to smoke
Sofra: Table
Ekmek: Bred
Taze: fresh
Yatmak: to go to bed
Erken: early
GRAMMATICAL NOTES
NEGATIVE FORM
The negative form of the simple present tense is really easy to obtain.
It is sufficient to append the particle "me"or "ma" between the infinitive stem and the group "past - personal suffix".The choice depend on the infinitive pattern:
We will attach "me" to infinitive bases whose pattern ends in -MEK, and "ma" to those ending in -MAK
A few examples to better understand the rule:
I didn't come: Gelmedim Gelmek
She didn't read: Okumadı Okumak
It is appropriate to remind you that in building sentences in negative form you will have to apply all the rules already met in the affirmative form to conjugate all the persons.
The only difference is the position of the additional particle "me"or "ma" into the verbal form.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
The interrogative form is obtained by adding the interrogative particles -mi -mı -mü -mu at the end of the sentence in affirmative form.
The choice of the particle depends on the verb and occurs according the wovel harmony.
A few examples will help better understand:
Did we go? Gittik mi?
Did she die? Öldü mü?
Did we work? Çalıştık mı?
Did I sleep? Uyudum mu?
It is very easy to figure out which interrogative particle you have to use. Just look at the dominant (final) vowel of the verb in simple past tense and pick up the interrogative particle with the same vowel.
INTERROGATIVE-NEGATIVE FORM
Very easy to form.
Take the simple past tense negative form and add the interrogative particle at the end of the sentence applying the same rule as the interrogative form.
Examples.
Didn't we go? Gelmedik mi?
Didn't they drink: İçmediler mi?
Didn't you play footbal ? Top oynamadınız mı?
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